1. Depletion of oxygen in root zone and increase of CO2 due to water logging. An aerobic condition adversely affects micro-organisms while harmful organisms proliferate and restrict the plant growth.
2. Physical or chemical and biological activities in the soil are disturbed due to low temp as a result of water logging. Thus pest and diseases infestation problem arises.
3. Water logging makes field operations difficult on impossible.
4. The adverse effects of water logging get accelerated when the capillary water brings salts from lower horizon of soil or they are present in the ground water used for irrigation.
5. Water logging adversely affect the soil water plant relationship there by creating ecological imbalance.
6. Secondary salinization caused by the salts which are brought up from lower horizon strict the uptake of moisture and nutrients in the plant roots and create toxic effect in the root system.
7. Due to excess soluble salts the physical condition of soil deteriorates. Highly deteriorated alkali soils have very low infiltration rates. Most rainfall goes as runoff, causing crop damages in adjoining area.
8. Crops yields reduced and some times crop failure due to inadequate uptake of moisture and nutrients and due to the injurious effect of salts or deteriorated soil condition.
9. Fodders grown in slat-affected soils may contain high molybdenum in or selenium and low amount of zinc. The nutritional imbalance may cause disease in live stock.
