Effect Of Deficiency Of Nitrogen And Potassium Or Health Of Certain Fruits And Field Corps

Crop

Nutrients

Deficiency Symptoms

A Field Crops

1. Wheat

Nitrogen

Leaves pale green, less tillering, shoots dwarfed.

Phosphorous

Leaves bluish green with purplish, less tillering.

Calcium

Plants stunted, with high mortality of seedlings. Leaf tips chlorotic and die back.

Magnesium

Older leaves much yellow and show dying off, the younger leaves, generally slightly pale green, later turning brownish.

Potassium

Internodes short, leaves slightly chlorite, bluish green, tips generally scorched.

2. Maize

Manganese

Leaves with intervenial white streaks.

Nitrogen

Leaves pale green, stems and leaves show red tint.

Phosphorous

Stem and leaves with purplish tine, leaves pale green.

Potassium

Internodes short, leaf margins brown and scorched.

3. Brassica

Nitrogen

Leaves pale green older leaves with reddish to purplish tints, leaves defoliate early.

Phosphorous

Leaves with dull appearance.

Calcium

Chlorotic young leaves, leaf tips brown and margins scorched.

Potassium

Leaves dark green, curling backwards, scorching of the leaf margins.

4. Sugar beet

Nitrogen

Leaves pale green, plants with stunted growth.

Phosphorous

Leaves dull green, plants with stunted growth.

Calcium

Marginal scorching of older leaves and death of the growing points.

Magnesium

Chlorosis near leaf margins and on tips, later necrosis develops.

Manganese

Older leaves get wilted and scorched, also puckering of leaves.

B. Vegetable Crops

1. Potato

Nitrogen

Leaves pale green, plants with stunted growth, older leaves turn yellow and defoliate early.

Phosphorous

Leaves dull green, with scorched margins.

Potassium

Internodes short, leaves curl backward, near the margins, Leaves bluish green with bronzed appearance and scorched margins.

2. Beans

Nitrogen

Growth retarded, leaves small pale green early defoliation

Phosphorous

Stem dwarfed and thin, early defoliation, leaves show bronzing

Calcium

Growth stunted, young leaves distorted, growing points die out.

Magnesium

Older leaves slightly pale with intervenial Chlorosis.

Potassium

Short internodes, leaf margins scorched.

3.Peas

Phosphorus

Leaves becoming dull green, less flowering, growth stunted.

Calcium

Growth restricted, leaves with intervenial Chlorosis, wilting or older leaves.

Potassium

Internodes short, growth retarded.

Boron

Growth stunted and stems brittle. Larger leaves with intervenial Chlorosis.

4. Carrot

Nitrogen

Plant’s growth stunted. Leaves pale green. Reddish tinge developing on older leaves.

Phosphorous

Foliage showing purplish tinge. Plant growth rather restricted.

Magnesium

Prominent Chlorosis for older leaves.

Potassium

Scorching of tips of older leaves, later becoming brownish and die off.

Boron

Plants assuming bushy appearance. Young leaves distorted, showing some signs of chlorosis.

5. Onion

Nitrogen

Growth stunted, foliage pale. Leaves die back from tips.

Phosphorous

Foliage showing dull green appearance, growth retarded.

Potassium

Chlorosis of leaf tips, leaves dull green and die back from tips.

Phosphorous

Plants dwarfed, leaves small, bluish green developing purplish tinge.

7. Pepper

Nitrogen

Stunted plant growth, leaves small, yellow, and fruits yellow green.

Phosphorous

Restricted growth. Fruit small and leaves yellowish.

Potassium

Small necrotic lesions along the vein of bronzed leaves.

Calcium

Stunted growth, leaves dark green. Fruit small and darker green.

8. Lettuce

Nitrogen

Leaves pale green, older leaves yellow and get withered.

Potassium

Restricted growth, leaves dark green. In case of severed deficiency, yellow spots develop near the tips of older leaves.

Phosphorous

Plants stunted, dull and dark green, reddish purple tinge on the leaves.

Magnesium

Yellowish margins of older leaves, later become scorched.

9. Cucumber

Nitrogen

Restricted plant growth. Stem thin with yellowish leaves; fruits pale and of poor quality.

Phosphorous

Younger leaves small and dark grayish green. Both veins and intervenial areas becoming brownish.

Potassium

Marginal chlorosis and browning of leaves, later spreading interveinally. Leaf margins turn brown and later dry out.

Magnesium

Chlorosis and intervenial yellowing of fruit.

Calcium

Yellowing of leaves. Plants show stunting, roots poorly developed, thicker and shorter.

Sulphur

Upper leaf surface pale green, yellow, showing chlorosis.

Iron

Yellowish green younger leaves. Plants short.

Manganese

Intervenial chlorosis, veins remaining green. Growth retarded.

C: Fodder crops

Clover

Potassium

Brownish to whitish spots near leaf margins, later scorching of leaf margins, leaves also show some signs of Chlorosis.

Phosphorous

Leaves dull green. Plants with less foliage. Purplish or bronzed spots on leaf surface.

Calcium

Growth restricted, young shoots with and die off. Leaf margins become brown to reddish brown.

Magnesium

Yellowing of older leaves. Leaf margins become brown to reddish brown.

D: Fruit plants

1-Apple

Phosphorous

Leaves small, dull green with purple to bronzed tint (tinge).

Potassium

Stunted growth leaves bluish green, slightly chlorotic. L margins scorched.

Magnesium

Leaves with intervenial chlorosis, especially near margins.

Nitrogen

Leaves smaller, pale green, leaves fall early. Fruit small.

Calcium

Leaf margins scorched, curling upward.

2. Strawberry

Phosphorous

Leaves dull green. Older leaves fall early.

Manganese

Chlorosis of margins.

Magnesium

Yellowing of older leaves.

Iron

Leaves chlorotic.

E-Flowering Plants

1. Poinsettia

Nitrogen

Leaves pale green and then yellow. Plant growth short, with reddish petiole.

Phosphorous

Older leaves yellow. Upper leaves darker green and lower leaves yellowish. Delayed flowering.

Potassium

Lower leaves show yellowing of the margins. Veins dark green. Leaf margins later turn brown.

Calcium

Leaves become dark green with a reddish tint and tend to with. Leaves get defoliated. Internodes short.

Magnesium

Stunting of plants, interveinal chlorosis of lower leaves. Necrotic spots developed along the margins.

2. Chrysanthemum

Nitrogen

Leaves becoming pale green. Older leaves become yellow, then brown and die prematurely. Retarded plant growth.

Phosphorous

Plants dull green. Older leaves yellow and then brownish. Purplish red pigments also develop on leaves.

Potassium

Browning of leaf margins and death of lower leaves. Curling of leaf margins downward and inward. Growth rate slows, with poor root system.

Calcium

Initially slight loss in color and later development of brown spots on upper leaves, enlarging rapidly, afterwards distortion.

Magnesium

Leaves become pale green, and then usually interveinal yellowing. Symptoms are prominent on young leaves. Growth is ceased.

Copper

Dull green leaves, yellowing of veins, spreading toward margins.

Zinc

Small yellow spots on middle and upper leaves. On enlarging become brown.

Boron

Pale upper leaves with short internodes. Interveinal yellowing and downward curling.

3. Carnation

Nitrogen

Older leaves turning yellow, necrosis of tips.

Phosphorous

Reduced growth. Stunted plants with narrow leaves.

Potassium

Yellowish necrotic spots on upper and middle leaves. Affected regions become dried and shriveled. Slender and short stem with narrow leaves.

Calcium

Plants pale green, tip burn of leaves. Necrotic spots on stem and also on leaves.

Magnesium

Chlorosis of middle leaves, developing upward and downward. Leaves becoming yellow with light green veins.

Copper

Stem becomes thin and weak.