Click Here!Management of Common Scab of Potato through Endophytes
Author: Aroma Murtaza , Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad.
Nutritional Importance of Potato
Potato is a tuberous starchy crop called as Solanum tuberosum it belongs to order solanales, family Solanaceae, and genus solanum, in many areas of world it is basic staple food it’s the world’s fourth flood crop potato. Pakistan have a record production of over 3.7 million tons this year. It has great nutritional value contains energy of 322kJ(77kcal) raw potato is 79%water, 0.1 g fats, 17% carbohydrates 2% proteins when a potato is cooked contents of and vitamin C vitamin B6 lowered with the significant change in other nutrients.
Economic Importance of Potato
This vegetable is grown as a important major crop in countries in different climatological zones including tropics temperate and sub tropics currently the potato is grown on a significant scale in about more than 130 countries potato is an important cash crop which gives ready cash to farmers it produces more food per unit area than any cereal crop within short period potatoes this crop is effected by by number of insects and disease, but common scab diseases of potato remains a serious issue for farmers and potato growers Potato is an important staple food. Damage to this crop cause great loose to county because it has great nutritional value it is major cash crop the disease common scab is very serious disease and its management is very important for the proper growth of potato crop. Common scab is caused by Streptomyces scabies belongs to genus Streptomyces.
Symptoms of common scab of potato
Symptom are minute brownish or blackish shallow sunken lesions appear on tubers Streptomyces scabies is soil and air borne pathogen is survived for long duration in infected debris and soil.
Biological control for common scab of potato
Management of common scab through endophytes is one of the beneficial approach. Host plant by preventing or pathogenic parasitizing organisms some fungal and bacterial endophytes have proven to increases plant growth and improve defense mechanism. Some nonpathogenic species have been reported for their power to overcome common scab with max results The Pseudomonas has been associated with the control and management of common scab The pseudomonas strain stops the growth of Streptomyces scabies in vitro repressed txt C txt A expression in Scabies and protected against the disease in green house assays Common scab symptoms are caused by Phytotoxin named produced by pathogenic Streptomyces species. Thaxtomin interrupt the peridermal cells which is developing thus this results in the formation of more layers of periderm and then formation of a scab lesions on the skin of potatoes tubers underground stem and stolons appear. Biological control through organisms is useful for the control of plant disease and for controlling of other soil borne soil plant pathogens successfully. A strategy for searching for microbes that have ability of biocontrol of disease in plant is to look to the microbes found on diseased plants as potential sources this strategy has led to the commercially useful biocontrol agents from numerous Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas Strains Nonpathogenic Streptomyces species have been used as for control of many diseases. Some nonpathogenic Streptomyces species overcome the virulent effect of pathogenic Streptomyces species although results have not been reproducible in number of studies in field Isolation of Nonpathogenic Streptomyces have been obtained from potato Common Scab lesions and nonpathogenic isolates of Streptomyces species were related with decreased of Common scab disease.
