Hypocrite behavior of GMO (Genetically modified organisms)
Introduction
Genetically modified organisms also known as communally GMO. We can elaborate the genetically modified organisms as an organism in which the genetic material (DNA) has been modify in a way that does not happened in nature. GMO sometime also known as recombinant DNA technology. In GMO the selected individual genes transferred from one organism into another organism at micro level under controlled conditions, also between the two nonrelated species. Before that By using the traditional breeding methods the people was altering the genomes of the different plant and animals for many years and dose not acquired the 100% results. The artificial selection in which the organisms show the specific traits are chosen to breed the subsequent generation. It has been bounded the naturally occurring variations in organisms. In the recent decades the advancement in the field of genetic engineering permit the human being to control the genetic modification into the organisms. Now today we can introduce new genes from one species implant in to completely unrelated another species by using the genetic engineering tools to optimize agricultural performance or for the valuable pharmaceutical raw material. More remarkable examples are the Production of antibodies in transgenic plants, Golden rice (Introducing the β-carotene biosynthesis pathway into rice endosperm) by genetic engineering to defeat vitamin A deficiency.
Potential Benefits of GMO
Increase in the global world population and reduction in the cultivated land. It is estimated that a child dies in every 2 second due to undernourishment world widely. There is a great way to use the technology in order to eliminate the hunger from the world not only for the former but also in the other field of life to eliminate cause damage.
Shrinking our Environmental Footprint
By use the DNA recombinant technology now day the human being is capable to develop the plants which are resident to disease and insect, batter adoptive to new environment with batter water and fertilizer response verities and also have more production over traditional verities. Food with better texture, long shelf life, flavor and nutritional value. Finally the DNA recombinant technology enable the human to create an essential sustainable way to feed the world.
Lowering the Price of Food
More production per unit area good response to fertilizer and water, fewer pesticides use also facilitate the human through GMOs help to keep the food costs down resulting in lower prices for the consumers. It is found that in 2013 prices for non-GMO corn averaged 51 cents per bushel higher than GMO corn.
GMO’s Positive Impacts on Environmental
Salinity has become a major problem in agriculture. This has made the crops less able to grow in some cases unable to grow. White powdery soil is an indication of excessive soil. By using the recombinant technology a salt tolerant gene can genetically implanted and produce a salt tolerate stress as well as showing tolerance to other ionic stresses. An author advantage the genetically modified plant has the potential to provide the edible vaccines. The transgenic potato that have pharmaceutical immunization against diarrhea.
Drawbacks of GMOs
Unnatural Foods
The plant developed by DNA recombinant technology have unexpected gene that gene some time formed a new modified protein never before eaten by the human. There is a profound difference between the types of expected effects from traditional breeding and genetic engineering. Pleiotropic effects GMOs plants increased levels of known naturally occurring toxicants, appearance of new, not previously identified intoxicants at 30% in frequencies. Increased capability of concentrating toxic substances from the environment and undesirable alterations in the level of nutrients.
Radical Change in Diet
Humanity has evolved for thousands of years by adapting gradually to its natural environment – including nature’s foods. Within just three years a fundamental transformation of the human diet has occurred. This was made possible by massive consolidations among agri-business. Ten companies now own about 40% of all US seed production and sales. The Biotech industry especially targeted two of the most commonly eaten and lucrative ingredients in processed foods – corn and soy. Monsanto and Novaris, through consolidations, became the second and third largest seed companies in the world. They also purchased related agricultural businesses to further monopolize soy and corn production. Again within three years, the majority of soybeans and one third of all corn in the US are now grown with seeds mandated by the biotech firms. Also 60% of all hard cheeses in the US are processed with a GM enzyme. A percentage of baking and brewery products are GM modified as well. Most all of US cotton production (where cotton oil is used in foods) is bioengineered. Wheat and rice are next in line. In 2002, Monsanto plans to introduce a “Roundup” (the name of its leading herbicide) resistant wheat strain. The current result is that approximately two-thirds of all processed foods in the US already contain GM ingredients – and this is projected to rise to 90% within four years according to industry claims. In short, the human diet, from almost every front, is being radically changed – with little or no knowledge of the long-term health or environmental impacts.
Genetic Contamination
The living organisms evolved by genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology do not have a natural habitat. These human-made organisms can reproduce and interbreed with natural organisms with in the natural ecosystem, thereby spreading to new environments and future generations in an unpredictable and uncontrollable way due to transformation of outer genes. Because we know so little about how these organisms will act in the environment, and because these living organisms can multiply and spread, the potentially harmful effects of GE organisms may only be discovered when it is too late. GE organisms (or GMOs – genetically modified organisms) must not be released into the environment. They pose unacceptable risks to ecosystems, and threaten biodiversity, wildlife and sustainable forms of agriculture.
Biodiversity Risks
Tolerance against total herbicides: e.g. Glyphosate by Monsanto (trade mark: Roundup) or Glufosinate by Bayer (trademarks: e.g. Liberty and Basta). The herbicide resistance (HR) implemented in the plant’s genes makes it possible to employ broad spectrum herbicides throughout the entire cultivation period without harm to the transgenic agricultural crops.
Resistance to a species group of insects: A gene derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), which is introduced into the plants, produces a toxic substance. The introduced BT toxin is then effective in all parts of the plant and is lethal for the caterpillars of, for example, the European corn borer or the cotton bollworm, once they feed on the plant.
Author:
Muhammad Usman
03457722366
Institute of Horticulture sciences
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.
Email:[email protected]
